For anyone who is interested!

"America, Hear Me Now" Virtual Anthology

• The Office of CLRI is asking for PreK - 12th grade students to submit a one page artistic or written response in reflection of racial injustices and the tragic deaths of Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and countless others.
• Students are encouraged to choose a creative outlet that is meaningful to them, some examples may include: artwork, poems, essays, collages, raps, spoken word, songs etc.
• Students do not need to be concerned with correctness of grammar.
• PDFs, Photographs, mp4 videos and Word Documents are the preferred file types.
• Please submit to the Culturally and Linguistically Responsive Inititiatives (CLRI) Schoology Course, Link to Schoology Page Here or email submissions to Dalphne Bell at DMBell@buffaloschools.org no later than June 19th.

This assignment will count for the essay grade for A Raisin in the Sun

Questions for the close-reading selection in Act 3                  (30 points)

Directions: Choose 15 of 20 questions (you can get extra credit for any others your complete). Please answer as completely as possible using textual evidence whenever possible.

Act 3 text: Act 3 text

1. What are pearls symbolic of to Walter? Why is it important to him that Ruth wears pearls?

2. Explain the stage directions, “the word ‘Man’ has penetrated his consciousness”. What does this mean?

3. Why is Walter’s voice faltering in this monologue? (look up the word if you need to)

4. Explain Walter’s actions in the bracket for #4. Why is he behaving this way? Why does it horrify his family?

5. What does Mama mean when she says, “death done come in this here house” (3.1)?

6. What lesson does Mama attempt to teach Beneatha? What does this tell us about their relationship?

7. Describe Walter’s actions as Mr. Linder enters? Why is he behaving in this way?

8. Why does Mama tell Walter she wants Travis to hear the conversation with Mr. Lindner?

9. What do Walter’s actions (in the stage directions) tell you about how he is feeling? How do you know?

10. Why is Walter likened to “a small boy” in the stage directions?

11. Why does Walter suddenly bring up his father? What effect does this have on him? Mr. Lindner?

12. Why does Walter switch from saying they are “plain” people to they are “proud” people? What effect does this have on him (and the other members of the family)?  

13. Describe the change that occurs in Walter in this section. What do you believe is the cause?

14. How is this quote by Beneatha significant? To the play? To her character? To her relationship with Walter?

15. What impression do Mr. Lindner’s final words leave with you? Is it foreshadowing in your mind?

16. Look at the stage directions in this section. Explain their importance to the best of your ability.

17. How does this conversation change your perception of Mama and Beneatha’s relationship (if at all)?

18. How does this conversation change your perception of Walter and Beneatha’s relationship (if at all)?

19. Explain Mama’s quote, “He finally come into his manhood today, didn’t her? Kind of like a rainbow after the rain…” (3.1).

20. Explain the symbolism of the plant throughout this play. Why do you think it’s the last thing Mama sees/brings with her before the curtain closes?

Work for the week ending 5/29!!

I hope everyone is enjoying this play! It is my favorite thing to read with seniors and it makes me sad that we can not do it together.

For this week, finish Act 3 and the study guide questions that go with it. Next week, we will work on the final essay.
Read Act 3 here: Act 3 text
Answer study guide questions #64-81: click here for the study guide

Make sure you are watching the video links of the play to help with your understanding. click here for the video: part 2 (Act 3 starts at 1:10:10)

Please send me an email to let me know your thoughts on the ending of the play!!


Also, there is a more modern version of the movie (image seen below):Watch here 

Work for the week ending 5/22--Act 2!

1.Read Act 2 of A Raisin in the Sun : click here
2. Answer the study guide questions for Act 2 from the study guide #25-63: click here (note if you want to download and type on the study guide go to "file" then "make a copy")
3. Watch Act 2 in the movie: click here (1:05 to 2:16--1 hr. 5 min. to 2 hr. 16 min)
4. Complete quick write #1 (below)

Quick Write topic: Characterize Walter in Acts 1 and 2, using a minimum of 1-2 adjectives (lazy, bored, angry, etc.) and 1-2 textual examples as support for your claim.  Be sure to explain why your evidence proves your adjective(s). (Use your study questions from class if it helps!!!)

The notes below are OPTIONAL--you do not need to fill them in word-for-word---it's just an idea!!

In Acts 1 and 2 of the play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, the character of Walter is seen as  _____________ (your 1st adjective) and _____________________ (2nd adjective.) . This is true because __________________________. (briefly explain why you feel this way/summarize main points)

In Act 1, Walter is shown to be ______________(1st adjective) in Act 1, Scene 1. This is because _______________________(brief explanation). One example of this is _______________ (text evidence). This proves _______________________(explain why this quote proves your adjective).

Another piece of textual evidence that proves this true is when ______________________(more text evidence) because it shows ________________________________(explain again).

Additionally, Iin Act 2 Walter is also seen as ________________(your 2nd adjective) . This is because______________________. (brief explanation). One example of this is _______________ (text evidence). This proves _______________________(explain why this quote proves your adjective). Another piece of textual evidence that proves this true is when ______________________(more text evidence) because it shows ___________________________ (explain again).

Walter is seen as_________________ (restate your adjectives) in Acts 1 and 2. This is because _______ (sum it up).

Seniors: If you have not finished your financial aid forms or have questions about them see below!!!!!

Financial Aid Assistance information has been posted on the SENIOR SCHOOLOGY PAGE.

FAFSA & TAP Virtual Assistance

Virtual open office hours via Zoom Mondays – Fridays from 10am-6pm.

Join via the website listed below:

https://sites.google.com/view/virtual-nygear-up-buffalo/virtual-support/open-office-hours

A Raisin in the Sun Act 1

First, here is a copy of the character map for the play---

For this week:

Read Act 1: here

Watch Act 1: here

Answer the study guide quetions for Act 1: here

All of this is due by Friday 5/15

Grades

Don't panic if you see the grades change temporarily today--some of the assignments need to "move" as they adjust the grading process over the weekend. For example, if your average went down, it's most likely because the research paper was moved to an "extra-credit" score as it was due after we left school. IF you completed it, you'll get the points back after they adjust Infinite Campus over the weekend. Also, many of you had credit due from reading in Caesar, etc. that I had to add in where you needed it---

As always, please email me with any concerns about your grade.

cap and gown measurements

If you did not get measured for a cap and gown please send me your height ASAP!!

Update on English IV

I just wanted to let you know that I will not be posting any new assignments this week. We have a lot of students who have not access to the materials until now so I am going to "pause" all new assignments until next week so keep checking the blog for updates. Please know I am available at any time to answer your questions.

Mrs. C

A Raisin in the Sun--Introduction------REMEMBER---ALL THE WEEK'S ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE ON FRIDAY OF THAT WEEK--SO THIS WEEK IT WILL ALL BE DUE BY APRIL 24TH.

A Raisin in the Sun Day 1

First: Watch the video introduction for the play: Video Introduction to A Raisin in the Sun

Second, read the "Introduction" (pages 8-17) to the play (below is a link for the entire play including theintroduction) It is also in the left-hand column under "Quarter 4 texts": 

click here for the entire play including introduction

On a sheet of lined paper answer the following text-based questions using THE RACE STRATEGY (RESTATE ANSWER CITE EXPLAIN) when possible for full-credit:

1) Describe the importance of the play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry to American culture.
2) Explain the need to cut several scenes from the play.
3) Describe how these cuts affected the overall meaning of the play.
4) What did James Baldwin mean when he wrote that "Americans suffer from an ignorance that is not only colossal, but sacred" (8)? How does this relate to the play?
5). Why does the author say that the end of the play is not a "happy ending" (10)?
6). Describe the 2 scenes that were cut and restored on pages 11 and 12 (Travis and Mrs. Johnson) and their effect on the play.
7) Why does it seem to some that the play is "a sad commentary on America"(13)?
8) Why does the author say that the play will be relevant even when we get past racism "as we must" (13)?

DEFINE the following vocabulary words AND then use each in your own sentence:
consciousness
presaged
ineradicably

In case you didn't see this!

Historical background information for the play

I had several people email me asking about the "due dates" for the "new" assignments (not the research paper). It is important that you check for new postings daily and email work when you are finished. Of course email me with any questions and I will get back to you as soon as I can. If it makes it easier, let's say all of the week's assignments are due by Friday of that week (for example, for this week 4/13-4/17, everything is due by 4/17. No new assignments will be given on Fridays --that will be a day to catch up. This way if you are working on assignments for other classes or have other things going on at home you have some time.

Today's assignment (due by Friday 4/17): Either copy and paste and type or take pictures of handwritten answers---

Please read the packet with necessary background information for the play. Then, answer the following questions (you must restate them and highlight where you found the answer in the passage. The packet and questions are divided into the following sections):

Click here to access a copy of the packet: RITS background info packet 

Questions for the RITS background information packet

Section 1: "Harlem"

1.Why is Langston Hughes' poem "Harlem" considered important?

Section 2: "Lorraine Hansberry"

2.Why does the play A Raisin in the Sun have a "universal appeal" (4)?

3. Describe Lorraine Hansberry's early life.

4. Give examples of the some of the difficulties Hansberry had to endure in her adult life.

Section 3: "History of African Americans in Chicago"

5. What historical circumstances led to the "great migration" north by African Americans (16)?

6. What methods/techniques were used to maintain segregation and why?

7. How did the CHA try to, "ease the pressure in the overcrowded ghettos" and what were the effects (19)?

8. Give some examples of the "vibrant" black arts community in Chicago (19).

9. What were some of the "breakthroughs" African Americans were able to make in business?

10. Give some examples of the achievements made by African Americans in the 20th-21st centuries?

Section 4: "Afrocentrism"

11. What is Afrocentrism? Eurocentrism?

12. Who was Edward Wilmot Blyden and what did he do?

13.Why did Carter G. Woodson say that African Americans at that time suffered from a "miseducation" (22)?

14. Give some examples of the changes that are detailed in the section labeled "1960s and 1970s."

15. According to the text, "Afrocentrists argue that Afrocentricity is important for people of all ethnicities who want to understand African history and the African diaspora" (25). Explain.

Pre-reading/Anticipation Guides for our next play: A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry

Today begins new material---you may: 
1. download the worksheet, type on it and email it to me
2. hand write your responses on paper and send me the pictures of your responses
3. type out the answers and send them to me (on a document without the worksheet download)

Here is the link to today's worksheet: Anticipation Guide

First, cross off #8 (I believe it is already done on the worksheet download)
Second, read numbers 1-7 and either right "True" or "False" next to each statement
Third, write a 1-2 sentence explanation of why you feel the way that you do.
Fourth, decide on your 2 favorite/best responses and write them on the back on the lines
"Statement #1" and "Statement #2" and write a longer more detailed response

(NOTE--you are not relating it to the play (we have not started it) but you may relate it to something else we have read this year (Caesar, Malcolm X, etc.) if you like

Research paper due today!

• Please turn in all research papers today (either typed and emailed or handwritten and pictures sent)
• Continue to work on DBA #3 (instructions below)--even though it should be done by today, please keep working on it below (I believe it can be done on your phone without a computer)
• If you sent in a draft and are awaiting comments, please be patient with me. You will still be allowed to make revisions for a better grade.

Research paper due date!

So several students have emailed me asking for extensions on the research paper--I'm fine with everyone handing it in by next Thursday 4/9---at the very latest. Hopefully that helps those of you who need the extra time!

Email me!

Hey everyone! Send me an email when you see this so I can touch base with you on your grade and progress towards graduation!

DBA #3: Please complete the multiple choice section by Friday 4/3! Remember the research paper is also due!!! I will post some last pointers and tips tomorrow!!

Please email me if this isn't working for you--make sure "all assessments" is checked and you are logging in from 8am-4pm. If you are having difficulty getting the DBA--don't stress about it.

If you have not done the DBA online before it's is easy!

Step 1: Go to the blog page: eng12macks.blogspot.com
Step 2: Click on the link on the left side that says "Edoctrina"

IF you have a district laptop you should have a link there already:

Step 3: Choose Buffalo Public Schools and McKinley High School (if needed) and log-in WITH YOUR REGULAR LOG-IN INFORMATION (900 # AND PASSWORD):

Step 4: Choose DBA #3 and complete the multiple choice questions by selecting the correct answer underneath each given passage.

Step 5*****: The essay is the research paper!!! You can either copy and paste it into this section or email it to me separately.

Please email me if you have any questions or concerns!!!

Research Paper Help!

CLICK HERE TO  SEE THE OUTLINE GIVEN ON DAY 1 FOR HELP!!!!!!---PAGES 7-9 WALK YOU THROUGH IT STEP-BY-STEP!!!

Part 1: How to write the intro

Click here for a helpful video on how to write your intro

Part 2: How to write body paragraphs

Click her for a helpful video on how to write body paragraphs

Here is a sample of an introduction and body 1 from a student's paper:


HERE ARE SOME HINTS ON INSERTING YOUR QUOTES:
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Some last minute notes on writing the body paragraphs (some examples on putting in the sources):

Option #1 (author's name and title in the sentence): According to Jared Diamond the author of Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies, "We all know that history has proceeded very differently..." (13).

Option #2 (author's name in the sentence): Jared Diamond explains to us that, "history has proceeded very differently..." (13).

Option #3 (paraphrase no name in the sentence): According to this source, history has proceeded at different rates on different continents (Diamond 13).

Option #4 (no name in sentence/or title): Because, "...history has proceeded very differently..." there are many differences throughout the globe (Diamond 13).

Option 5# (no author/title in the sentence): According to The Global Monitoring Report," Education for all cannot be achieved without improving quality" (17).

Option #6 (no author/no title in the sentence): The information presented in this source tells us that, " Education for all cannot be achieved without improving quality" ("Education for All" 17).

Option #7 (two authors/author in the sentence): Best and Marcus argue that one should read a text for what it says on its surface, rather than looking for some hidden meaning (9).

Option #8 (two authors/names not in the sentence): The authors claim that surface reading looks at what is “evident, perceptible, apprehensible in texts” (Best and Marcus 9).

Option #9 (more than two authors): According to the article, "The Economic Impacts of Broadband" we learn that, "Broadband’s economic significance can be put into context by referring to similar changes in other areas of infrastructure, such as road, rail, and electricity" ( Qiang et al. 1).

Part 3: Writing the counter-claim

Watch here where most of this is all explained.

Here is what  a counter-claim paragraph might sound like:
On the other hand, it has been argued that ________________________________ (counterclaim).

This point of view seems to make sense because _____________________(evidence/reasoning that supports the counter-claim)

However, ________________________________________(rebuttal--why is this weak? Give support through evidence!!!)

Therefore, ________________________________________(sum up why your claim is better/makes more sense)

Part 4: How to write the conclusion

Click her for a helpful video on how to write a conclusion

From the librarian for your research:

Here is a slideshow on databases and citations for your research paper:  click here

Please note!!

Research Paper Instructions: Please email the final copy by Friday April 3rd at the latest----Please email me with any questions or send me sample drafts for edits through Google Drive---IF you cannot type, send pictures of your handwritten work!!

This document will walk you through the essay step-by-step---It is similiar to the Part 2 on the Common Core Exam:
**************Essay directions and template: CLICK HERE*************************
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Here is the research paper assignment:

Directions:
Closely read at least 5 or 6 of the provided texts (links provided on the left under "Quarter 3 Research Paper Texts". Write a source-based argument on the topic below.

Topic: What have successful countries done to get ahead or what can developing/struggling countries do to improve? (For example, education/literacy, technology, health care/immunity, etc.)

Your task: After reading the research paper texts provided. Then, using evidence from at least 4 of the tests, write a well-developed argument regarding what successful countries have done to get ahead or what developing/struggling countries can can do to get ahead. Clearly establish your claim, distinguish your claim from alternate or opposing claims, and use specific relevant and sufficent evidence from at least 4 of the sources to develop your argument. Do not simply summarize each text.

Guidelines:

• Establish your claim regarding what successful countries have done to get ahead or can do to improve.
• Distinguish your claim from alternate or oppposing clams
• Use specific, relevant, and sufficient evidence froma t least 4 of the texts to develop your argument
• Identify each source that you reference by title/author
• Organize your ideas in a cohesive and coherent manner (USE THE OUTLINE SHEET PROVIDED FOR HELP)
• Maintain a formal style of writing
• Follow the conventions of standard written English

Basic idea for your paper----

Source #3: "The Case for Universal Basic Education for the World's Poorest Boys and Girls"

Somewhere on your article, write: Source #3
Click here to view: Source #3
Procedure:
First: We will watch this brief video on gender gaps before you begin your work today: gender gap video
1. We read the article through once, and you can mark anything you see as important.
2. I will go over it with you a second time, and we will make some important annotations together.
3. Lastly, you will go back over your article and answer the following 5 questions using the RACE strategy and highlighting your answers in the text.

Anything you do not finish in class will be considered homework!!!!

Questions: Please copy the following questions and answer with RACE for full-credit
1. Give some examples of children that face "greater obstacles to education" than others.
2. What benefits are seen when the gender gap is closed?
3. Why do some "impoverished" parents choose not to send their girls to school and how can this be helped?
4. Why does the article say that reforms must be made on both a local and national level to be successful?
5. What is the FTI and what is it important?

Research Paper Source #2, "Empowering Women is Smart Economics"--

 Please answer the following 10 questions on Source #2 "Empowering Women is Smart Economics" using the RACE strategy whenever possible. Meaning, ALWAYS, restate and answer using textual evidence, but for "right there" questions, there will not be much of an "explain". You MUST HIGHLIGHT YOUR ANSWERS IN THE PASSAGE--IT IS YOURS TO KEEP!!!
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Please write this on your handout:

Source #2

Research Question: What can (developing) nations do to increase economic prosperity? (increase their economy/do better economically)

Also, please annotate your article, circle unknown vocab, make notes in the side columns summarizing each section's main points or any questions that you have.
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1. What are some of the "gender gaps" that remain in today's society? Why is it important that these gaps are addressed?
2. Currently, what gender gaps remain regarding education? Explain.
3. Currently, what gender gaps remain regarding life expectancy? Explain.
4. Currently, what gender gaps remain regarding  the world's labor force? Explain.
5. The article states that, Gender equality is important in its own right" because it expands "freedoms equally for all people." Explain what the author means giving at least 3 examples from the section "Gender and Equality development" on pages 41-42 as support. 
6. What does the author recommend needs to be done to, "reduce the excess mortality of girls and women"?
7. What does the author recommend needs to be done to, "shrink education gaps"?
8. What does the author recommend needs to be done to, "broaden women's access to economic opportunity"?
9. What does the author recommend needs to be done to, "diminish gender differences in household and societal voice"? 
10. What does the author recommend needs to be done to "limit gender inequality over time"?

Class Notes

1. Some of the gender gaps that remain in today’s society are regarding life span, and ability to earn money. The article states, “women and girls are more likely to die…earn less...less opportunity” (40). This shows that men still have more opportunities than women in most low-middle income nations. These changes can make the country better by “enhancing economic productivity, improve development outcomes…more representative” (40).

2. Although progress has been made closing the gender gap in education, many discrepancies still remain. Progress has been “slower for those who are poor and face other disadvantages such as ethnicity” (40). In developing countries 35 million girls do not attend school compared to 31 million boys (40).Women still have less educational opportunities in poor and developing countries.

Quiz and section 2 of "Necessity's Mother"

*First, we will start with a brief video of the information in this segment
*Next we will read from "MY EXAMPLES SO FAR..." ON PAGE 28 to the end of the text on page 30
*Read and annotate your text--continuing to focus on anything to with technology/invention
*Answer the questions provided on your worksheet.
*Take the quiz--- PLEASE BE QUIET UNTIL ALL STUDENTS ARE FINISHED!---CHOOSE 8 OF 10 OR ALL 10 FOR EXTRA-CREDIT!!!
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1.       What are the “two main conclusions” that the author has drawn about technology? (28)

2.       In which ways has Jared Diamond witnessed the process of “invention” through “trial and error” in his observations of New Guineans? (29)

3.       How are “the development of gunpowder and gasoline from raw materials” good examples of invention by “trial and error”? (29)

4.       According to page 30, What is it that promotes an invention’s acceptance by a society?” Explain 3 of the 4 “considerations” that influence the acceptance of an invention by a society.

Section 3: "Necessity's Mother"

Write these on the front with an arrow to what "Necessity's Mother" means:
"an invention that would benefit a culture had to meet certain requirements for that culture to embrace change. To further emphasize this point, Diamond states: 'Some societies seem hopelessly conservative, inward looking, and hostile to change." (from study.com)

"So in a way, invention is the mother of necessity; technology “finds” a use after it’s invented, instead of being invented for a specific purpose." (from litcharts.com)

*Today we will read and annotate pages 23-the big "M" on page 28---highlight or underline anything to do with TECHNOLOGY

DEFINITIONS FOR THE TEXT:
unprepossessing--not particularly attractive or appealing to the eye.
syllabary--a set of written characters representing syllables 
undeciphered--not currently understood.
baffling--impossible to understand
idiosyncratic--peculiar or individual.
disproportionately--too large or too small in comparison with something else.

You will continue reading on your own. When you are done you will need to answer the following "ticket out the door" questions on the slip of paper provided. The answers must use RACE strategy to receive full-credit:

1. If there is "no such difference in human neruobiology" to account for "continental differences in technological development" (25). What are some possible reasons that some societies move ahead of others in regards to technology?
2. On page 27 it states, "Inventors often have to persist at their tinkering for a long time in the absence of public demand because early models perform to poorly to be useful". Give at least 3 examples of from the text that prove this is true (the inventor came up with the technology before the need---OR--the invention was just an improvement of something else)

Today's goals: Review for next week's quiz and turn in any work due today!

1. First we will start with a Kahoot! and earn extra-credit points towards our quiz on Tuesday.
2. You will have the rest of the time to finish/turn in any assignments due in the first 5-weeks (ends today!!) SEE THE SIDE BOARD FOR DETAILS.
This should include the work for Guns, Germs, and Steel: worksheets 1 and 2, quick writes 1 and 2, annotations for both packets!! PLEASE HAVE A FOLDER NEXT WEEK!!!

For Thursday 3/5

Write this at the top of a blank sheet of paper (you may not get to it today at all, but you will have it in your notes):

Quick Write #2 Guns, Germs,and Steel.....                                    

• Identify 2 advantages one society had over another and how that advantage led to an increase in power.

Your response should:

·         Identify 2 advantages one society had over another (in this case Spaniards over the Incas)

·         Give textual evidence (You should use 2 pieces of evidence/per advantage and explain how each led to an increase in power) = 4 total pieces of textual evidence

·         Explain how the 1 society used each advantage to gain power 
****You must use 2 vocabulary words in your response for full-credit**

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Sample Outline:
Intro:
        In the book Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies, the author Jared Diamond gives the reader evidence to prove that the Spaniards had 2 advantages over the Incas:________________. These led to an increase in power because _________________________.

Body #1:
(List advantage #1/Explain how it gave the Spanish an advantage/power)
Evidence/Explain
Evidence/Explain

Body #2:
(List advantage #2/Explain how it gave the Spanish an advantage/power)
Evidence/Explain
Evidence/Explain

Summarizing Statement:
Sum up your main points

Guns, Germs, and Steel Episode 2 video-

Transcript link to episode 2:click here
Video link to episode 2: click here
Quetions are below:
 Guns, Germs, and Steel: Episode 2 

Directions: Before viewing the film, read each question below so you know what information and ideas you should be looking for as you watch Episode 2. Record your answers to each question by providing as many facts, details, and examples as possible to answer each question. Be prepared to discuss your answers with the class. (Answer 3 of 4, all 4 for extra-credit)
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1. At the time that the Spanish conquistadors invaded the Inca Empire, they were armed with state of the art weaponry. Describe this weaponry.
2. What is Jared Diamond’s explanation for why the Spanish had advanced to steel swords while Inca’s were still making tools and weapons from bronze?
3. How did the battle tactics used by the Spanish conquistadors help the small army defeat the Inca army that outnumbered it by the thousands?
4. According to Jared Diamond, what made the Europeans “accidental conquerors”?

Day 2 of Guns, Germs, and Steel worksheet #2

*Begin reading on page 6 under the number "72"The governor then gave the signal to Candia..." and stop on page 8 under the "74 "...to offend a Christian."
5. pages 6-7
6. SKIP
*Keep reading on page 8, "Let us now trace" and stop on page 5 under the ", ".75" ..of thousands of Indians"
7. page 8
8. page 8
9. page 9

10. What was the role of military equipment in Europeans’ colonization of the New World? (p. 8-10) 



11. What events left the Incas “divided” rather than a “united empire”? (Page  11)
12. What two factors intersected to result in the “military disparity” that allowed for Pizarro’s victory?  (page 11-12)
13. How did literacy contribute to Pizarro’s capture of Atahuallpa? ( pages 13-14) A proximate factor is an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for causing, some observed result. This exists in contrast to a higher-level ultimate cause which is usually thought of as the "real" reason something occurred.
15. What questions are left unanswered even after exploring the “proximate factors that resulted in Europeans’ colonizing the New World? ( page 15)

Section 2: Guns, Germs, and Steel

Today we will begin with vocabulary definitions for the second set of words:
1. formidable (adj)-inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable.
2. infidel (n)- a person who does not believe in religion or who adheres to a religion other than one's own.
3. revere (v)-to regard with respect tinged with awe
4. subsequent (adj)-coming after something in time; following.
5. endemic (adj)-growing or existing in a certain place or region
6. provocation (n)-action or speech that makes someone annoyed or angry, especially deliberately.
7. antecedent (n)-a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another.
8. envoy (n)-a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission
9. serendipitous (adj)-occurring or discovered by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
10. debase (v)-reduce (something) in quality or value; degrade.

To download worksheet #2 Guns, Germs, and Steel: click here

Here is a look ahead at this week: 
Monday--Chapter 3: Collision at Cajamarca (new vocab/begin worksheet #2)
Tuesday-- continue working on Chapter 3 and worksheet
Wednesday--video for Episode 2 GGS and questions
Thursday--Quick Write #2
Friday--catch-up day and Kahoot! extra-credit

Quiz next Tuesday: Guns, Germs, and Steel sections 1 and 2

Episode 1 of Guns, Germs, and Steel from PBS-------CHANGE OF ASSIGNMENT!!! THIS IS NOW EXTRA-CREDIT because of the snow day!!!!!!

*Pay attention to the assignment--the video is longer than class is. So finish it out of class if you want--but it isn't necessary because you will have time to see enough to finish the assignment
* If not you may have to read the transcript instead.

To watch the Episode 1 video: Click here
For the Episode 1 Worksheet: Click here 
(Also, if the video moves too fast for you and you are more of a "reader" here is a link to the transcript of the video: Click here)

Today we will work on completing Quick Write #1 (there are only 2) for Guns, Germs, and Steel

Quick Write #1--Cross it off on the bottom of side 2 and write the following:
(1)How does the author, Jared Diamond, introduce the topic and historical background of his book? (2)What does he claim are the main reasons for disparities (large differences) that still exist in the world? 

Today we will:
*Work on completing any questions for worksheet #1 that you are not finished with (check yesterday's post for directions)
*Work on Quick Write #1 (finish it for homework). There is some help below if you need it

USE YOUR ANNOTATIONS FOR EVIDENCE!!

     In the excerpt from the book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies by Jared Diamond, the author introduces his topic in the prologue entitled "Yali's Question." Diamond gives us some historical background info such as...........He explains that the reasons for disparities in today's world are.....

Body #1 (how does he introduce the topic and give historical background information?)
*Evidence/Explain
Evidence/Explain

Body #2 (what does he claim are the main reasons for the disparities that exist in the world?)
*Evidence/Explain
Evidence/Explain

Summarizing statement

Today's goal: Complete reading and annotating packet 1 of Guns, Germs, and Steel and finish worksheet #1

Quick Write #1--Cross it off on the bottom of side 2 and write the following:
(1)How does the author, Jared Diamond, introduce the topic and historical background of his book? (2)What does he claim are the main reasons for disparities (large differences) that still exist in the world? 

Work on completing worksheet #1

*Today we will begin by reading where we left off yesterday (we read up until the break on page 3 and answered numbers #1-3
*We will stop on page 8, (right above the #22, "Why did New Guineans wind up technologically primitive,  despite what I believe to be their superior intelligence?"----PLEASE ANNOTATE AS YOU READ!!!
*SPEND THE REST OF YOUR CLASS TIME ANSWERING AS MANY WORKSHEET QUESTIONS AS POSSIBLE.

Question #4 help
The author determines the subject of the book by examining history and prehistory for "academic interest" and "overwhelming practical and political importance." He decides the modern world has been shaped by "conquest, epidemics, and genocide" (16). 

Unit 3 begins...so start a new section in your binder (Research Paper)

Copy the following notes/vocabulary words in red into your notes for the research paper section of your notebook:

Research Questions:

• Why did wealth and power become distributed as they are now, rather than in some other way?
• Why did human development proceed at such different rates on different continents?

T: Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies 

A: Jared Diamond

G: non-fiction book

charisma (n)- compelling attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others

decimate (v)- kill, destroy, or remove a large percentage or part of the population

disparity (n)- a great difference

indigenous (adj)-originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native

insatiable (adj)-(of an appetite or desire) impossible to satisfy

potent (adj)-having great power, influence, or effect

prevalent (adj)-widespread in a particular area at a particular time

reverberate (v)-reflected many times, as sound waves from the walls of a confined space.

subjugate (v)-to bring under complete control; conquer; master; enslave.

trajectories (n)-the curve described by a projectile, rocket, or the like in its flight.

Worksheet #1 Guns, Germs, and Steel and digital double-entry journal

Homework: *folder for your research paper